Tweet
By Wasiullah Khan, Ph. D.
Some people argue that the decline of Muslim political power in the world was caused by the demise of the Rightly-guided Caliphate with the martyrdom of the fourth caliph Ali in 661 C.E. and its substitution by absolute dynastic rule of the Umayyads, Abbasids and subsequent emperors. Such monolithic governance never lets human potential of a society flourish. The Magna Carta, on the other hand, was signed in 1215 C.E. restricting the powers of the kind of England and 500 years later the industrial revolution started from the same country. In about three centuries, the Western European nations became so powerful that they colonized the huge continents of North and South America, Africa and large parts of Asia. The last great empires of the Muslim world, the Moguls and the Ottomans, became so weak that by 1857 Mogul rule in India
Born in November 1877 in Sialkot, Punjab (now Pakistan), Iqbal achieved high proficiency in Arabic and Persian languages at an early age. After completing graduate studies in philosophy, he became a college lecturer in Lahore at the age of 24. Later he moved to Cambridge, England for higher studies and earned Ph.D. from Munich University, Germany British India Pakistan came into being in August 1947.
Some people argue that the decline of Muslim political power in the world was caused by the demise of the Rightly-guided Caliphate with the martyrdom of the fourth caliph Ali in 661 C.E. and its substitution by absolute dynastic rule of the Umayyads, Abbasids and subsequent emperors. Such monolithic governance never lets human potential of a society flourish. The Magna Carta, on the other hand, was signed in 1215 C.E. restricting the powers of the kind of England and 500 years later the industrial revolution started from the same country. In about three centuries, the Western European nations became so powerful that they colonized the huge continents of North and South America, Africa and large parts of Asia. The last great empires of the Muslim world, the Moguls and the Ottomans, became so weak that by 1857 Mogul rule in India
Born in November 1877 in Sialkot, Punjab (now Pakistan), Iqbal achieved high proficiency in Arabic and Persian languages at an early age. After completing graduate studies in philosophy, he became a college lecturer in Lahore at the age of 24. Later he moved to Cambridge, England for higher studies and earned Ph.D. from Munich University, Germany British India Pakistan came into being in August 1947.